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This infectious agent is so small it can only reproduce inside a living host cell, causing diseases from the common cold to COVID-19.
Edward Jenner pioneered this medical procedure in 1796 using cowpox material to protect against smallpox.
HIV attacks these immune system components that coordinate the body's defenses, leaving patients vulnerable to opportunistic infections.
This 2019 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 led to worldwide lockdowns and the rapid development of mRNA vaccines.
These herpes simplex infections cause painful fluid-filled blisters, typically appearing around the mouth or genitals.
Mosquitoes in tropical regions transmit this breakbone disease named after the severe joint pain it causes.
This childhood illness causes an itchy rash of red spots and blisters, and the same varicella-zoster can reactivate later as shingles.
Rabies is almost always fatal once symptoms appear, but this treatment given shortly after a bite can prevent infection.